9th of August 1983 News
الأخبار كما ظهرت في الصفحة الأولى لصحيفة نيويورك تايمز في ٩ أغسطس ١٩٨٣
BEYOND MOTHER EARTH NEWS
Date: 09 August 1983
By Sandra Salmans
Sandra Salmans
The energy crisis may be over, but don't tell Mother. Mother Earth News, a magazine published six times a year in this small town at the foot of the Smoky Mountains, has been preaching self- reliance - in fuel, food and other necessities - since it was founded in 1970, and that message is still the foundation of the company. Mother Earth News is unrelated to the Whole Earth Catalog, which is based in California. In the past three years, however, following the acquisition of Mother Earth News Inc. by three of its employees, the magazine's revenues and circulation have doubled, to $20 million and 900,000 copies a year. Now the owners are examining money- making ventures that could more than double sales again by 1990, according to Robert Lieb, the publisher.
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JENNINGS NAMED SOLE ABC ANCHOR
Date: 10 August 1983
By Sally Bedell Smith
Sally Smith
Peter Jennings, for the last five years the foreign-desk anchor of ABC's ''World News Tonight'' newscast, will be the program's sole anchor, the network announced yesterday. The appointment, which has been expected for several weeks, brings to an end the triple-anchor format that was begun in 1978. The move may also signal an intensified battle for viewers among the three network evening newscasts, which will now be competing with single anchors. The changes at ABC are the latest in a series of developments in network news that began last month with the death of Frank Reynolds, for five years the Washington anchor on ''World News Tonight.'' A week later, NBC officials announced that on Sept. 5, Roger Mudd would step down from his job as Washington anchor of NBC's ''Nightly News,'' leaving Tom Brokaw, based in New York, as that program's sole anchor. CBS's evening newscast, anchored by Dan Rather, is currently the most popular of the three.
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WOMAN IN TV SEX BIAS SUIT IS AWARDED $500,000 BY JURY
Date: 09 August 1983
A woman who said she was demoted on a television news program because her employer considered her ''too old, unattractive and not deferential enough to men'' was awarded $500,000 in damages today. The case had drawn national attention because it raised the question of whether or not station managers apply criteria of physical appearance more to women than to men when they appear on camera in news programs. Television executives and some legal experts said they were troubled by the jury's decision, but women's rights advocates saw it as a victory for women who work in television news. (Page C17.)
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TV EXECUTIVES UPSET BY KANSAS CITY FINDING
Date: 09 August 1983
By Sally Bedell Smith
Sally Smith
Television executives and some legal experts expressed concern that their abililty to hire and dismiss on- camera news reporters and anchors could be limited as a result of yesterday's finding by a jury in favor of a television anchorwoman in Kansas City. At the same time, however, the decision was hailed by women's rights advocates as a victory for women in television news, requiring that they be judged by their employers on the basis of competence rather than appearance. Television news executives were taken aback by the jury's finding that Metromedia Inc., the owners of the station where Christine Craft, the 38- year-old anchor, worked, had engaged in fraud when they told Miss Craft that she was being hired for her journalistic abilities, not her appearance. The jury of four men and two women, in an advisory finding, also urged the judge to find that Metromedia had practiced sex discrimination. The jury determined, however, that the station did not violate equal pay laws by paying Miss Craft less than her male co-anchor.
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GUATEMALAN ARMY TOPPLES PRESIDENT IN A BRIEF BATTLE
Date: 09 August 1983
By United Press International
United International
The Guatemalan military overthrew the Government of Brig. Gen. Efrain Rios Montt today in Guatemala's second coup in 17 months. Brig. Gen. Oscar Humberto Mejia Victores, the Defense Minister, was sworn in this afternoon to succeed General Rios Montt. The fate of General Rios Montt, whose evangelical beliefs and promotion of young army officers irritated traditional military men, was not known.
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WEIGH IMPEACHMENT IN AN ILLEGAL WAR
Date: 09 August 1983
By Don Edwards
Don Edwards
Do we have any means to stop the President from waging an illegal war? On July 28, the House voted 228 to 195 to stop the invasion of Nicaragua by a mercenary army hired by the Central Intelligence Agency. President Reagan's response was, in effect, ''Try and stop me.'' Congress has not yet had recourse to what undoubtedly is its most effective check on the President - the possibility of impeachment. Only once in history has Congress sought to hold a President responsible for conducting an illegal war. On July 30, 1974, as a part of impeachment proceedings, the House Judiciary Committee considered Article IV, charging Richard M. Nixon had conducted a secret and illegal war against the neutral nation of Cambodia.
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CHIEF OF ARMY ASSAILS INDUSTRY ON ARMS FLAWS
Date: 09 August 1983
By Richard Halloran, Special To the New York Times
Richard Halloran
The Army's new Chief of Staff, Gen. John A. Wickham Jr., asserted today that poor performance of arms and equipment in his service was largely due to deficiencies in quality control in American industry. For instance, he said, all five failures in 16 flight tests of Pershing 2 missiles were caused by mistakes made by the contractor. The Martin Marietta Corporation of Bethesda, Md., is the company primarily responsible for making the medium-range missile, which is scheduled for deployment in West Germany in December. A spokesman for the missile producer, reached by telephone in Orlando, Fla., declined to comment.
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U.S. OFFICIALS SEE LESS STRAIN IN SOVIET TIES
Date: 09 August 1983
By Hedrick Smith, Special To the New York Times
Hedrick Smith
On the strength of some favorable developments in several fields of negotiation with Moscow, senior Administration officials say the decline in Soviet-American relations has stopped. But they are uncertain whether a genuinely positive trend has taken hold. President Reagan set the mood after the announcement of a new Soviet- American grain agreement late in July when he was asked whether the accord signaled ''a thaw'' in the two countries' relations. ''I wouldn't use that word yet,'' he replied, taking a position between caution and hopefulness.
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News Analysis
Date: 10 August 1983
By Charles Mohr
Charles Mohr
Some critics of Reagan Administration policy toward El Salvador say they see very strong analogies between the United States involvement in the guerrilla war here and the American role in Vietnam. Some Administration officials, rejecting that comparison, argue that there are virtually no parallels between the two wars. A visit to the country and interviews here and in Washington indicate that there are, without much doubt, some similarities between the two wars and between the policies pursued and the problems encountered by United States officials in the two conflicts. There are also, without much doubt, some significant differences. Perhaps the most striking analogy between the experiences in Vietnam and El Salvador has little to do with the situations that prevailed on the ground in both countries. Instead, it involves the world view and political instincts of policy makers in Washington.
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News Analysis
Date: 10 August 1983
By Jonathan Fuerbringer
Jonathan Fuerbringer
August was the crucible for Administration economic policy in 1981 and 1982, and it will be again in this third year of Ronald Reagan's Presidency. It is a test by interest rates and Federal budget deficits. The question is whether interest rates will continue to rise and, if they do, whether they can force the President to make another adjustment to his economic policy - most notably by agreeing now on tax increases that would take effect in the future. As in 1981, deciding what to do has split the Administration and has created differences between the White House and some senior Republicans in Congress.
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